Which organizational structure is characterized by a relatively high degree of job specialization, rigid departmentalization, many layers of management, narrow spans of control, centralized decision-making, and a long chain of command?

• A. Matrix Structure
• B. Mechanistic Organization
• C. Organic Organization
• D. Self-managed Work Teams

Answer: (B)

This item is about mechanistic organizational design, a structure built for efficiency through tight control and clear hierarchy. In a mechanistic setup, jobs are highly specialized, with narrowly defined duties that limit cross‑functional work. Departments are rigid and centralized, leading to a tall hierarchy with many layers of management and a long chain of command. Because decisions are centralized at the top and managers supervise only a few subordinates, spans of control are narrow and authority flows chiefly downward through the organization. This combination creates a highly predictable, rules‑driven environment that works well for routine tasks in stable conditions.

Other structures behave differently: a matrix structure blends functional and project reporting and tends to allow more flexible coordination with shared authority; an organic organization emphasizes decentralization, broad spans of control, flexible roles, and rapid adaptation; self-managed teams minimize formal hierarchy and push decision-making down to teams themselves. The described features clearly fit the mechanistic design because of the emphasis on specialization, rigid departmental boundaries, many management levels, tight control, and centralized decision-making.